Operational Medicine 2001
Bleeding Gums

If one discrete area of bleeding is recognized, consider an infection, trauma, or tooth abscess.  

• An abscess is usually tender to the touch, and will require antibiotics and possibly tooth extraction with drainage.  

• If the gums are bleeding throughout the gum-line, consider scurvy or gingivitis.  

• Scurvy, due to lack of vitamin C, can be corrected with supplemental vitamin C in the form of pills or use of citrus fruit.  Patients with scurvy may also have easy bruising and brittle hair.  

• Gingivitis, when severe, may require antibiotics.  The gum-line usually has a “mushy” appearance to it.  The mainstay of treatment for mild to moderate cases involves dental hygiene: 

  • Brushing with a soft toothbrush three times a day

  • Use of a hydrogen peroxide-containing toothpaste.  

• If the patient with bleeding gums has a history of bleeding in the family and/or symptoms such as heavy periods, then a platelet disorder such as Von Willebrand’s disease should be considered.

This section provided by LT Nathaniel Ruttig, MC, USNR, Naval Medical Center Portsmouth

Approved for public release; Distribution is unlimited.

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Operational Medicine 2001
Health Care in Military Settings

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