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Operational Medicine 2001
Acetazolamide (Diamox, Dazamide)

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Category:

  • Miscellaneous

Description:

  • Diruretic, anticonvulsant, antiglaucoma agent, mountain sickness

Indications:

  • Open angle glaucoma, narrow angle glaucoma (preoperatively)

  • Epilepsy (petit mal, grand mal, mixed)

  • Edema in CHF

  • Drug induced edema

  • Acute mountain sickness (prevention and treatment)

Contraindications:

  • Hypersensitivity to sulfonamides; severe renal disease; severe hepatic disease; COPD

  • Electrolyte imbalances; Addison’s disease; hyperchloremic acidosis; long-term use in narrow angle glaucoma

Precautions:

  • Pregnancy Category D; premature deliveries and abnormalities in humans

  • Causes carbonated beverages to taste flat

  • Salicyclates increase serum levels of acetazolamide – CNS TOXICITY

Adverse Reactions (Side Effects):

  • CNS: anxiety, confusion, depression, dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue seizures, headache, paresthesia, sedation, stimulation

  • EENT: myopia, tinnitus

  • GI: anorexia, constipation, diarrhea, hepatic insufficiency, melena, nausea, taste alterations, vomiting, weight loss

  • GU: crystalluria, glucosuria, hypokalemia, polyuria, renal calculi, uremia

  • HEME: agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, hemolytic anemia, leukopenia, pancytopenia, purpura, thrombocytopenia

  • SKIN: fever, photosensitivity, pruritis, rash, Stevens-Johnson syndrome

  • METAB: hyperglycemia

Dosage:

Administered orally (tablets, sequels) and intravenously

Adult: 

  • Narrow-angle glaucoma:  

    • PO/IV 250mg every 4 hours or 250mg twice daily, to be used as short-term therapy

  • Open-angle glaucoma: 

    • PO/IV 250-1000mg daily in divided doses for amounts over 250mg

  • Edema: 

    • IV 250-375mg daily in the morning

  • Seizures: 

    • PO/IV 8-30 mg/kg daily; usual range 375-1000mg per day

  • Mountain sickness:  

    • Treatment: PO 250mg every 8-12 hours

    • Prophylaxis: PO 125mg twice daily

    • Periodic breathing at altitude: PO 62.5-125mg with dinner or at bedtime  

Child:           

  • Edema:  

    • IV 5 mg/kg daily in the morning

  • Seizures:  

    • PO/IV 8-30 mg/kg daily in divided doses three or four times daily, 

    • or 300-900 mg/meter square/day, not to exceed 1.5 grams daily

Approved for public release; Distribution is unlimited.

The listing of any non-Federal product in this CD is not an endorsement of the product itself, but simply an acknowledgement of the source. 

Operational Medicine 2001

Health Care in Military Settings

Bureau of Medicine and Surgery
Department of the Navy
2300 E Street NW
Washington, D.C
20372-5300

Operational Medicine
 Health Care in Military Settings
CAPT Michael John Hughey, MC, USNR
NAVMED P-5139
  January 1, 2001

 United States Special Operations Command
7701 Tampa Point Blvd.
MacDill AFB, Florida
33621-5323

*This web version is provided by The Brookside Associates Medical Education Division.  It contains original contents from the official US Navy NAVMED P-5139, but has been reformatted for web access and includes advertising and links that were not present in the original version. This web version has not been approved by the Department of the Navy or the Department of Defense. The presence of any advertising on these pages does not constitute an endorsement of that product or service by either the US Department of Defense or the Brookside Associates. The Brookside Associates is a private organization, not affiliated with the United States Department of Defense.

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